Introduction
The purpose of this repair manual is to provide service
advisors and technicians with the basic knowledge needed to
ensure professional and competent procedures.
Note
Only the c
Physical Principles
The four known states of water also apply to air
conditioning system refrigerants.
1 - Gaseous (invisible)
2 - Vapor
3 - Liquid
4 - Solid
Refrigerant R134a Physical Data
Vehicle air conditioning systems make use of the
vaporization and condensation process. In this case, one works
with a substance which boils easily, designated as ref
WARNING
Risk of injury. Follow all warning messages and
safety precautions. Refer to
→ Chapter "Warnings and Safety Precautions".
Before any extensive measurements are taken, visually
inspect the exterior of the battery, the connections, and the
secure installation of the Battery
Caution
It is mandatory for run-flat tires to have a tire
pressure monitoring system in the vehicle.
Work on tires with emergency running characteristics (PAX)
must only be performed at skilled facilities.
These have the corresponding trained personnel and necessary
tools available.
PAX