Introduction
The purpose of this repair manual is to provide service
advisors and technicians with the basic knowledge needed to
ensure professional and competent procedures.
Note
Only the c
Physical Principles
The four known states of water also apply to air
conditioning system refrigerants.
1 - Gaseous (invisible)
2 - Vapor
3 - Liquid
4 - Solid
Refrigerant R134a Physical Data
Vehicle air conditioning systems make use of the
vaporization and condensation process. In this case, one works
with a substance which boils easily, designated as ref
The coolant circuit is bled according to specifications.
Refer to
→ Rep. Gr.19; Coolant System/Coolant; Coolant, Draining and
Filling
The engine is warm (the coolant temperature is higher than
80 ºC (176 ºF) ).
Radiator and condenser are clean (if necessary, clean).
All air du
Note
The arrows in the following illustrations show the direction
of refrigerant flow during flushing (refrigerant flows in
opposite direction of flow when Air Conditioning (A/C) system is
in operation while flushing, therefore the high pressure side of
the A/C service system is connec